Szczegóły publikacji
Opis bibliograficzny
Energy environmental matrix for buildings energy performance certificate evaluation / Michał KACZMARCZYK // Energy and Buildings ; ISSN 0378-7788. — 2025 — vol. 341 art. no. 115859, s. 1-11. — Bibliogr. s. 10-11, Abstr. — Publikacja dostępna online od: 2025-05-11
Autor
Słowa kluczowe
Dane bibliometryczne
| ID BaDAP | 159886 |
|---|---|
| Data dodania do BaDAP | 2025-06-17 |
| Tekst źródłowy | URL |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115859 |
| Rok publikacji | 2025 |
| Typ publikacji | artykuł w czasopiśmie |
| Otwarty dostęp |  |
| Creative Commons | |
| Czasopismo/seria | Energy and Buildings |
Abstract
The residential building sector accounts for over 40 % of global energy demand and more than 35 % of CO2 emissions. While energy performance certificates (EPC) are widely used to assess building efficiency, they lack clarity in communicating real energy and environmental impacts. This paper introduces the Energy Environmental Matrix (EEM), a novel three-dimensional method that simultaneously considers primary energy demand (EP), final-to-useful energy ratio, and equivalent emissions (ZrSO2). A case study involving a single-family house located in southern Poland was used to evaluate 9 different heating system configurations. The results indicate that traditional fossil fuel systems, such as coal and oil boilers, exhibit high primary energy demand (70.9 and 69.8 kWh/m2year) and equivalent emissions (39.36 and 5.90 kg/year, respectively). In contrast, brine/water heat pumps combined with photovoltaic systems achieve the best performance, with primary energy demand reduced to 7.0 kWh/m2year and equivalent emissions as low as 0.62 kg/year – over 90 % lower than fossil fuel-based systems. The EEM matrix facilitates an intuitive and visual comparison of system efficiency and sustainability, providing a significant improvement over current EPC methods. This tool supports stakeholders in selecting low-emission technologies, aligning with ESG goals and climate action strategies.
